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The unique physical and chemical properties of quantum dots, quantum wires and multilayers originate from the quantum confinement effect that manifests at lower than three dimension. In particular, the discovery of graphene and its unique set of physical and chemical properties, has inspired the advent of a class of layered two-dimensional nanostructures, also known as van der Waals materials. This has led to the emergence of a new platform to realize quantum engineered materials for innovative devices and novel applications. In this talk, I shall give an overview of this emerging field of 2D nanostructures, with some specific applications in materials science and device physics. More recently, there is an increasing awareness for constructing data-base on 2D and quasi-2D materials, which will be discussed. |